The five indicators of hepatitis B are typically referred to as the "Hepatitis B Five Parameters" or "Hepatitis B Five Markers." These markers are often used to assess the progression and severity of hepatitis B infection. They include:
1. HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen): HBsAg is the first marker that appears during an active Hepatitis B infection. Its presence suggests an ongoing infection.
2. Anti-HBs (Antibodies to Hepatitis B surface antigen): Anti-HBs is the antibody against HBsAg. The presence of Anti-HBs indicates an immune response to the infection or successful vaccination against Hepatitis B.
3. HBeAg (Hepatitis B e antigen): HBeAg indicates active viral replication and high infectivity. Its presence suggests a high risk of transmitting the virus to others.
4. Anti-HBe (Antibodies to Hepatitis B e antigen): Anti-HBe antibodies appear during the recovery phase or transition from the active to the inactive phase of Hepatitis B. Their presence indicates a lower risk of transmission.
5. HBV DNA (Hepatitis B Virus DNA): HBV DNA represents the amount of hepatitis B virus present in the blood. It is an indicator of viral replication and the severity of the infection.
Hepatitis B Five Markers are crucial in diagnosing and monitoring hepatitis B infections, assessing disease progression, determining treatment strategies, and evaluating the effectiveness of antiviral therapy. It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional for interpretation and guidance regarding these markers in case of a suspected or diagnosed hepatitis B infection.